VULTURES NEVER AGAIN
Our country has received another setback in United States’ courts. The
result could not have been different. It is the Argentine State itself that,
from the time of the dictatorship until now, has been subjugating itself, tied
hand and foot, to the conditions of transnational capital, giving up its
sovereign rights, agreeing to be tried before the creditors’ tribunals, and arguing
that its only option was to "honor" a debt that has been proven to be
illegitimate and illegal.
Alternatives exist, and that is why we
call on Argentine authorities - the President, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner,
the National Congress, the Judiciary - to carry out their responsibilities so
as to not continue paying what we do not owe.
This time, it was the U.S. Supreme Court that rejected Argentina's appeal
that might have halted, at least until December, the effects of previous
decisions. The cost for the Argentine people, in terms of health, education,
employment, and other fundamental rights, will be much more serious than the
seizure of the frigate "Liberty" two years ago, another chapter in
this same case. The Argentine government has been ordered to pay immediately the
full face value of defaulted bonds held by “holdouts” who refused to enter into
earlier swaps - some U$S 1.33 billion (U$S 1.65 billion including punitive
interest)- , if it wants to avoid a new suspension of payments to those who did
restructure their bond holdings in 2005 and 2010. But the decision will also undoubtedly
stimulate new legal demands, which could imply, as the President announced,
additional claims for at least another U$S 15 billion.
This situation confirms that
the debt is "unmanageable". Between 2003 and 2013, the
President has confirmed that we made debt service payments of U$S 173 billion.
However, despite this, the debt is now over U$S 240 billion, having grown from
U$S 144.2 billion in 2002 - and just a year ago, U$S 209 billion.
The only reality is that all the
debt renegotiations conducted from 1983 until now have failed miserably. Each was
presented as the final solution to the debt problem, but ended up making it worse.
Until the root causes of the problem are addressed, assuming the consequences
of its illegality and illegitimacy, and annulling the laws, treaties and
agreements that still grant privileges to transnational capital, the debt will
continue to keep the country on its knees.
Unfortunately, the federal government persists in its strategy of debt
“management”, turning the Argentine people into “serial payers” of a debt that
can never be paid off. Its main
objective is to return to international markets to emit more debt and obtain
new investments, in order to try to solve its payments’ crisis caused by the
lack of liquidity provoked by increased fiscal and external deficits. History
has shown us, however, that such a strategy will not achieve the desired
results.
These deficits have been covered thus far through increased intra-state
debt, ie. paying third-party creditors with bonds that are canceled with funds
from public entities (the Social Security Administration (ANSES), Central Bank,
National Bank, National Lottery, etc.). But this mechanism is now exhausted, such
that the government is now increasingly pressured to resume the path of external
debt.
And it is to that end that the
national government is now complying with what transnational capital has been
demanding: settlement of debt claims of the Paris Club and bond “holdouts”, payment
of outstanding ICSID awards and of compensation to REPSOL for the
"nationalization" of the former state petroleum company, YPF (all of
these through issuing more public debt, renouncing any review of the claims
themselves, continuing to waive jurisdiction and agreeing to inflated figures
and secret conditions).
Resuming the process of external indebtedness means even greater
repayment obligations and more external conditionalities. That is, more adjustment
and impoverishment, more liberalization, more dependency and extractive
pressure on our natural goods, which will lead, sooner or later, to a new
payments crisis, and so on in this vicious circle of debt.
Argentina must break with the
perverse logic of the debt, repudiate it for being a scam against the people of
our country and an instrument of domination and dependence that binds us to a
model of production that depredates nature and violates human rights. The system of indebtedness
and the model imposed, primarily aimed at producing "commodities" for
the benefit of the central countries, are responsible for the increasing
concentration of wealth with its counterparts of poverty, marginalization and
violence. The Argentine people have not been the beneficiary of a debt contracted
by those who did not represent their interests and is vitiated by fraud and
illegitimacy; they cannot and should not be forced to bear on their backs the
payment thereof. Our people are not debtors but rather the creditors of a just
and legitimate social debt that grows every day and needs urgently to be paid.
As a first step, debt service payments should be suspended, pending the
completion of a participatory and comprehensive Audit that can determine if
there are parts of the debt that actually can be considered legal and
legitimate. There is an important precedent in Ecuador, which in 2007 ordered
an audit of the Public Debt that much of the same to be described as "illegal,
illegitimate and corrupt." And in our own country, we have the invaluable
contribution of the "Olmos" case, in which the judgment recognizes as
proven, hundreds of fraudulent and arbitrary acts in the process of indebtedness
carried out during the period of the dictatorship, 1976/82. It is this debt which gave direct rise to the
bonds now in the claws of hedge funds known as "vultures".
An audit would also lead to the denouncing of the institutional framework
that now subordinates Argentina to the interests of big business, including the
waiver of jurisdiction, treaties and free trade and investment protection agreements,
and membership in the World Bank dependent arbitration panel, the International
Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). It would also imply
recognizing in practice that human rights take precedence over any commercial
debt deal, according to both national and international law.
Moreover, the Argentine Judiciary must declare the absolute nullity of the criminal acts investigated in
the "Olmos" case as well as the resulting debt and pursue other demands
that have been initiated in recent years, including that of the scandalous mega
debt swap in 2001 and the debt restructuring of 2010.
The National Congress should also shake the dust off the
"Olmos" case and require the Executive
branch to request nullification and claim compensation for damages
resulting to the Nation as counterpart of unlawful acts.
Because those who must be privileged are the internal creditors of the
social debt, not the external creditors of an illegitimate and illegal debt that
continues to subject the people of Argentina to misery and backwardness.
-Argentina, July 2014
INITIAL
SIGNATORS:
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Nobel Peace Prize
Laureate
Nora Cortiñas, Mother of May Square –
Founders´ Line
Mirta Baravalle, Mother of May Square –
Founders´ Line
Juan Yahdjián, Social Movement of Misiones
Province
Dialogue 2000 – Jubilee South Argentina
ATTAC Argentina
Peace and Justice Service (SERPAJ)
Lutheran World Federation – Program on
Illegitimate Deb and Ecological Justice
Free Chair on External Public Debt of the
Faculty of Law of the University of Buenos Aires
Additional
signtors confirmed as of July 27, 2014:
Amigos de la Tierra Argentina
Asamblea Permanente por los Derechos Humanos
(APDH)
Asociacion Civil Centro de Atención Integral EL
COLMENAR
Asociación DDHH Cañada de Gómez,
www.sutribuna.com.ar Diario de Opinión
Asociación de Ex-Detenidos-Desaparecidos
Casa de la Memoria, Rosario
Centro de Estudios Alejandro Olmos (CEAO), Santa
Fe
Centro de Integración Monteagudo
Centro de Militares por la Democracia Argentina
CEMIDA
Colectivo Avanzar por la Unidad del Pueblo
Confederación de Entidades de Fomento y Juntas Vecinalistas
de la Pcia. de Bs. As., Osvaldo Tondino Pdte. y Eduardo Oliva, Secr.
Gral.
Convocatoria por la liberación Nacional y Social, Frente Sindical:
Agrupación Martín Fierro (Varela, Mar del Plata y Neuquén); Agrupación político
sindical Tolo Arce; Centro Cultural “Alejandro Olmos”; Convocatoria Alte. Brown;
Convocatoria Matanza; Convocatoria Capital Federal; Convocatoria Comunidad
campesina Tartagal-Salta; Biblioteca Popular Fernando Jara, Cipoletti, Río
Negro
Cooperativa "Mate Cocido",
Corriente Nacional Emancipación Sur
Equipo de Educación Popular Pañuelos en Rebeldía
Equipo de Justicia, Paz e Integridad de la
Creación, Misioneros Claretianos Argentina - Chile - Paraguay - Uruguay
Equipo Nacional de Pastoral Aborigen ENDEPA
Espacio Amplio de la CTA, Lomas de Zamora
Federación de Entidades de Fomento y Organizaciones Libres del
Pueblo de
Quilmes, Osvaldo Tondino, Presidente, y Luis Martínez,
Secretario General
Foro Argentino de la Deuda Externa (FADE), Manuel Campos Janeiro - Secretario General, Camilo Rodriguez
Berrutti
Foro Argentino de la Deuda Externa (FADE),
Regional La Plata, Berisso y Ensenada, Juan Lucio Ruiz de
Galarreta, Silvio Amadeo Coppola, Ricardo Bernasconi, Emilio Roman, Luis B.
Migo, Marcos Parga
Frente de Lucha por la Soberanía Alimentaria
Argentina FLSAA
Grupo Orán
Instituto de Política y Economía "siglo
21"
Liga Argentina por los Derechos del Hombre
Movimiento Ecuménico por los Derechos Humanos,
MEDH
Movimiento Emancipador
Movimiento por la Unidad Latinoamericana y el
Cambio Social (MULCS)
Movimiento Territorial Liberación Rebelde (MTL
Rebelde)
Multisectorial de la Mujer de Mar del Plata
Organizaciones Libres del Pueblo (OLP)
Patria Grande - Movimiento Popular
PRO ECO - Grupo Ecologista, Comision Ejecutiva
Provincial CTA - Tucumán
Programa radial "La voz de la Calle".
Proyecto de Desarrollo Social "Margarita
Trillaud CapizziI", Osvaldo Agustin Rico, Moreno, Pcia. Bs. As.
Proyecto Sur en la Corriente Nacional
Emancipación Sur
Proyecto7 Gente en Situación de Calle
Red Latina sin fronteras
Resistencia Cultural Barrial
Revista "Nunca es Tarde"
Uruguayos en Argentina por los Derechos Humanos
Abelans Miguel Ángel, Subcomisión de Promoción y
Defensa de los DDHH, Asociación de Profesionales Hospital Garrahan
Adrián Lomlomdjián, director de la audicIón
radial LA VOZ ARMENIA
Adrián Lutvak, Presidente de la FUBA
Alcira Argumedo Diputada nacional-Proyecto Sur
Aldo Etchegoyen, Obispo (em) de la Iglesia
Evangélica Metodista Argentina IEMA
Aldo Getino, Mascaró Cine Americano
Ale Simonazzi, Comunicador social
Alejandra Aristegui, docente, actriz, Prof. de
Filosofía UNLP.
Alejandra Toronchik, periodista
Alejandro Cabrera Britos, delegado general ATE
SENASA MARTÍNEZ
Alejandro Teitelbaum
Alfredo País, Psicoanalista. Ex asesor Diputado
Dr. Jorge Selser Pte. Com. Salud Legislatura Porteña
Alicia Blanco
Alicia Herbón, APDH
Alicia Jardel, Profesora, Bélgica
Alicia Nigro Schellenberg
Ana Maria Barone- Proyecto Sur Viedma-Rio Negro
Ana Pagano -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Anahí Bahuer -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Andrés Figueroa Cornejo, luchador social y
periodista profesional.
Andrés Rivera
Aníbal G. Bibiloni, Profesor emérito UNLP
Antonio Elio Brailovsky, escritor, profesor
Universitario, ex Defensor del Pueblo Adjunto de la Ciudad.
Arturo Avellaneda y Romina Pampín, Revista
HABITANTES
Aurora Tumanischwili Penelón, Guillermo López,
FeTERA FLORES (Federación de trabajadores de la energía eléctrica de la
República Argentina en CTA).
Beatriz Rajland, profesora UBA, Fundación de
Investigaciones Sociales y Políticas
Beatriz S.Balve, Centro de Investigaciones en
Ciencias Sociales CICSO
Berta Ritvo, Santa Fe
Blanca Dieguez, Santa Fe
Carina MalobertiI, Consejo Directivo Nacional –
ATE-CTA
Carlos A. Vicente, Acción por la Biodiversidad
Carlos Alberto Giacopini
Carlos Aznárez, periodista
Carlos Ballarini, ex preso político en el penal
de Coronda, Villa Carlos Paz - Córdoba
Carlos Barrios Pucheta
Carlos Calatayud -Corriente Nac. Emancipación
Sur-
Carlos Guanciarrosa, Agrupación Enrique Moscóni,
FeTERA
Carlos Loza, AGP, junta interna Asociación General de Puertos
Carlos N. Ceruti - Antropólogo
Carlos Ponce de León, Docente UNComahue
Carlos Saglul, director de Comunicación CTA
Carmen Mónica Senger
Cecilia Romero, politóloga, educadora popular
Bachillerato Villa Crespo del MPLD
Clara Condenanza, Presidenta de la FULP
Claudia Baigorria
Claudia Hasanbegovic, abogada, docente
universitaria
Claudia Korol, educadora popular feminista
Claudia Vespa
Claudio Giorno -Secretario General Proyecto Sur
Pcia. Bs As en Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Cnl
(R) José Luis
García y Prof. Elsa
M. Bruzzone, CEMIDA
Cristina Alonso, ADIMRA
Cristina Fraire, fotógrafa
Cristina Mateu
Cristina Pfluger
Cristobal Lopez, Enfermero, Como, Italia
Daniel Héctor De Santis
Diana Dowek,
artista plastica/visual
Diego Gargano
Diego Hernán Velázquez
Dominique Gromez, Antropóloga, UBA
Dora Ascolese
Dr. Carlos R. Paz, medico psiquiatra Hospital Moyano
Dr. Daniel Baigorria, Profesor de Economía Politica
Dra Silvia Maria Hernandez
Dra. Susana B Etchegoyen
Eduardo Espinosa, ATE, Ministerio de Desarrollo
Humano Pvcia. Bs.As.
Eduardo Mariano Lualdi – Secretario del Foro
Patriótico y Popular – Director de la Revista Cuadernos para el encuentro en
una nueva huella argentina.
Elena Cedrón, Confraternizarhoy
Eliana Carreira
Elida Doris Werner, Docente
Elvira Ochoa-Wagner, Alemania
Esteban Vaccaro -Corriente Nac. Emancipación
Sur-
Federico Fredes
Felix Diaz
Félix Herrero
Fernando Bargas -Corriente Nac. Emancipación
Sur-
Fernando Reartes
Fernando Wilhelm, Presidente APDH-Azul
Florencia Catelani, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la
FUA
Gabriel Alejandro Robert
Gabriela Marchi
Gerardo Carlos Gutiérrez
Gervasio Espinosa, argentino rioplatense, 72
años
Graciela Lopez
Graciela Rosenblum, Liga Argentina por los
Derechos del Hombre
Guido Bello Henríquez, Pastor en Iglesia
Metodista TEMPERLEY
Guido Dione
Gustavo Álvarez, Capital Federal
Gustavo Terés, Secr. Gral. CTA Rrosario
Gustavo Vera,
Fundación La Alameda, Diputado de
la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Bloque VerdeAlameda)
Gustavo Zarza -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Héctor Dragoevich
Héctor Sánchez, Periodista - Agencia Télam
Herman Schiller, periodista y conductor de “Leña
al fuego” y “Aguantando de pie”
Horacio Ávila, Psicólogo Social
Horacio Micucci – Vicepresidente del Foro
Patriótico y Popular – Coordinador del Instituto de Estudios Nacionales.
Hugo Crosatto, ex-comisión interna los 9 de
Mercedes Benz
Hugo Domé
Hugo Milito
Hugo Ponce
Humberto Benjamin Piccione
Inés Izaguirre, miembro de la APDH
Ing. Judit Streiger
Iris Leranoz
Itai Hagman, Movimiento Popular Patria Grande
Javier Volterri
Jesús Chirino, Secretario General de la Unión de
Trabajadores de los Estados Municipales (UTEM) del Departamento San Martín
(Córdoba), Docente del Instituto de Educación Superior del Centro de la
República (INESCER) "Dr. Ángel Diego Márquez" Villa María (Cba.)
Jorge Brega, periodista (revista cultural La
Marea)
Jorge Cardelli -ex diputado nacional- Corriente
Nac. Emancipación Sur
Jorge Form, periodista
Jorge Manuel Vizoso Posse
Jorge R. Toledo, Asesor de Vocalía Gremial, Rama
Media, Técnica y Superior, Consejo Provincial de Educación del Neuquén
José Bustos - periodista jubilado - Grenoble
-Francia-
José Ernesto Schulman, Liga Argentina por los
Derechos del Hombre
José Luis Bournasell
Juan Albaytero -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Juan Antonio Vilar, Paraná (Entre Ríos).
Juan Carlos Martínez
Juan Carlos Stauber, Córdoba
Juan José González, docente Univ. Ncl. De Comahué,
y Asesor, Coopr. Fasinpat Ltda., Neuquén
Julio C. Gambina, Presidente de la Fundación de
Investigaciones Sociales y Políticas, FISYP
Junta Abya Yala por los Pueblos Libres –JAPL-.
Laura García Vézquez -Vicepresidenta 2da
Proyecto Sur Pcia. Bs As en Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Leandro Barsottelli, Neuquén
Leandro Llarías -Corriente Nac. Emancipación
Sur-
Leonardo Rico,
Tren para Todos
Lic. Daniela Miranda, docente-investigadora,
Universidad Nacional del Comahue (CURZA), Neuquén
Lic. Noemí Fernández - Durán Psicoanalista, militante DDHH
Lic. Raquel Abourachid
Lidia Fagale, Secretaria General de la UTPBA-
Unión de Trabajadores de Prensa de Buenos Aires -
Lilia Moyano, Colon- Entre Rios
Liliana Giambelluca, Periodista
Liliana Parada, Diputada Nacional mc, Secretaria
de Justicia y DDHH - Unidad Popular
Liliana Valle
Lucía
López - Educadora popular - Rosario
Luciano Andrés Valencia, Escritor e historiador,
Cipolletti, Rio Negro
Luis Lafferriere, Prof. Titular Economía,
Director Proyecto Extensión "Por una nueva economía, humana y
sustentable", Carrera Comunicación Social - Univ. Nac. de Entre Ríos
Luis Navarrete, Villa Ventana Prov. Bs As.
Luis R. Arédez (h.), Querellante juicio
desaparecidos de Lib. Gral. San Martín - Ledesma - Jujuy
M LeMarie
Manuel Bertoldi, Secretaría Operativa de los
Movimientos Sociales hacia el ALBA
Manuel Justo Gaggero -abogado.-militante de UP e
integrante del CISPREN de Córdoba
Manuel Márquez, Médico
Marcela Gutiérrez
Marcelo Bravo -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Marcelo Firpo
Marcelo Lopez, Militante de DDHH de La Matanza
Marcelo Lorenzo -Corriente Nac. Emancipación
Sur-
María Cristina de los Reyes, Profesora
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
Maria Cristina Güena - docente
María del Carmen Umpiérrez, Lic en Trabajo
Social, Asociacion Civil Pablo Besson, Asociacion El verbo entre Nosotros
María José Gerez, Secretaria de Géneros CTA
Rosario
Maria Laura Bretal , ex detenida desaparecida
miembro de Unión por los DDHH.
María Marta Bunge, docente
María Rosa González, comunicadora social
Maria Rosa Sánchez, MR-2012 Lomas de Zamora,
Movimiento Social por la República
Marina Arrom
Mario F. Mazzitell, Partido Socialista Auténtico
PSA.
Mario Hernández, Periodista y Escritor, Miembro
de la Comision Directiva de la Coordinadora de Medios de la CABA (COMECI)
Marta Cristina Galván, La Plata
Marta Speroni, militante internacionalista por
los DDHH.
Maximina Fueyo, Jubilada docente, Ensenada, Pcia
de Bs As.
Meriem Choukroun
Mirta Israel, Actriz, Educadora popular
Mirtha L. Streiger, Santa Fe
Miryan Sala -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Myrian Genisans, Asociación Civil Pro Eco grupo
ecologista, Tucumán
Nora Ceballos
Nora M. Giacomino - Docente
Nora Moyano. Docente jubilada UNCUYO, Mendoza.
Norberto Daniel Ianni
Norberto H Pereyra, Educador Ambiental
Olga Beatriz Seade
Olga Morales, Fotografa documentalista,
Integrante de Capoma (Centro de Accion Popular Olga Marquez de Aredez) y de
Afepoc (Asociacion de familiares de argentinos ejecutados politicos durante el
golpe en Chile)
Omar Lehner, Proyecto Sur Rio Negro
Oscar José Gascó (Coordinador de FADE - Mar del
Plata)
Osvaldo Buscaya, Presidente Ciudadanos Grupo Uno
CGU
Pablo Bergel, Sociólogo, Vecino de Colegiales, y
Diputado de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Bloque Verdealameda)
Pablo Bussetti, cooperativista
Pacho Nazar (Blas López Cepero)
Pastor Dr. Arturo Blatezky, Coordinador del MEDH
Pastor Licenciado Miguel Ponsati, MEDH Iglesia
Evangélica del Río de la Plata
Patricia Machado -comunera CABA, Corriente Nac.
Emancipación Sur
Periodista Hugo Ángel Sánchez, Delegado de la
Unión de Trabajadores de la Comunicación de Entre Ríos - Seccional Diamante,
Miembro de la Comisión Directiva de la CTA Diamante (ER)
Prof. Dr. phil. Carlos María Pagano Fernández,
Profesor Regular Universidad Nacional de Salta, Sede Regional Tartagal,
Profesor a/c Universidad Católica de Salta
Raquel Sienra
Ricardo Héctor Batalla Corriente Nacional
Emancipación Sur
Ricardo Luis Mascheroni, docente, santa fe
Roberto Balduzzi
Roberto E. Price, Neuquén.-
Roberto Perdía
Roberto Pozzo,
Santa Fe, Argentina.
Roberto Rabello
Rodolfo Ezequiel Rosingana, Ilustrador
Rodolfo Giardino
Rubén Derlis. Poeta, escritor y periodista.
Rubén Sacchi, Escritor, Director, Revista Lilith
Ruben Suarez
Santiago Bauer, MEDH Rosario
Sebastián Levalle, Sociólogo
Silvia Baffigi -Vicepresidenta Proyecto Sur
Pcia. Bs As en Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Silvio Sarti -Corriente Nac. Emancipación Sur-
Sonia Moreno
Susana Fiorito
Susana Grau, Jubilada docente, Ensenada, Pcia de
Bs As.
Susana Rearte, Coordinadora en defensa del
patrimonio público y de la Soberanía
Teresa Hiramatsu
Teresa Suárez, Santa Fe, ciudad.
Ulises Barreiro (Escritor)
Vania Martinic Papic - Jubilada
Víctor Mendibil,
Cosecretario General Federación Judicial Argentina y Coordinador Continental,
Encuentro Sindical Nuestra América- ESNA
Victoria Leny.Aras-Periodista.
Virginia del Valle Martínez de Philippeaux –
Presidenta del Foro Patriótico y Popular.
Wilkie, Gonzalez.
Comisión Ecuménica de Derechos Humanos de Ecuador
Servicio Paz y Justicia Paraguay
Federación de Trabajadores Libres de Pichincha, Ecuador
Movimiento Guevarista Tierra y libertad, Ecuador
Taller de Historia y Educación Popular Dejando Huella,
Ecuador
Colectivo de Educación Popular Lorenza Avemañay, Ecuador
Brigadas ecologistas del Ecuador
Brigadas Médicas Eugenio Espejo, Ecuador
Percy Francisco Alvarado Godoy, Escritor y periodista
guatemalteco
Alida.M. Sanoja-Maneiro, Caracas, Venezuela
(Translated from the original in Spanish: http://dialogo2000.blogspot.com/2014/06/nunca-mas-buitres.html
More information: http://dialogo2000.blogspot.com/p/nunca-mas-buitres.html